Correct Answer: C) alkanes

Explanation

Hydrogenation converts liquid vegetable oils into solid or semi-solid fats, such as those present in margarine.

Correct Answer: A) 40.0cm³

Correct Answer: D)

120cm\(^3\)

Explanation

By comparing the number of moles, if \(120\)cm\(^3\) of \(H_{2(g)}\) was sparked with 60cm\(^3\) of oxygen, \(120\)cm\(^3\) of steam will be produced.

Correct Answer: D) 600K

Explanation

When dealing with gas behavior, we often use the gas laws to describe the relationship between the variables involved, such as pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas. In this case, we will apply Charles's Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when the pressure and the amount of gas are kept constant.

Mathematically, Charles's Law can be expressed as:

\[\frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2}\]

Where \(V_1\) and \(T_1\) are the initial volume and temperature, and \(V_2\) and \(T_2\) are the final volume and temperature.

In this question, we are given that the initial volume of the gas (\(V_1\)) is 2 dm

Correct Answer: D) 80.0dm³

Explanation

To answer this question, we need to use the gas laws, specifically the combined gas law, which relates the initial and final states of a gas in terms of its pressure, volume, and temperature. The combined gas law is given by:

\( \frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2} \)

Where \(P_1\) and \(P_2\) are the initial and final pressures, \(V_1\) and \(V_2\) are the initial and final volumes, and \(T_1\) and \(T_2\) are the initial and final temperatures in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the given values to the appropriate units. Since the initial conditions are at S.T.P (Standard Temperature and Pressure), we can use the standard values for pressure and temperature:

Initial Pressure (\(P_1\)) = 760 mmHg (Standard pressure)

Initial Volume (\(V_1\)) = 30.0 dm\(^3\)

Initial Temperature (\(T_1\)) = 273 K (Standard temperature)

Now let's convert the final conditions to the appropriate units:

Final Pressure (\(P_2\)) = 380 mmHg

Final Temperature (\(T_2\)) = 91

Correct Answer: A) Metallic

Correct Answer: A) Coal gas

Correct Answer: A) zinc

Explanation

Brass is an alloy consisting mainly of copper andzinc (Option A). An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, where at least one of them is a metal. The combination of elements results in a material with specific properties that are different from the individual elements. In the case of brass, the addition of zinc to copper results in an alloy that is stronger, more corrosion-resistant, and has a more attractive yellowish color compared to pure copper.

Option B (tin) is incorrect, as a mixture of copper and tin forms another alloy called bronze. Bronze is known for its toughness, durability, and resistance to corrosion.

Option C (aluminum) is incorrect, as a mixture of aluminum and copper forms an alloy called aluminum bronze, which is known for its higher strength and corrosion resistance compared to pure copper.

Option D (silver) is incorrect, as a mixture of silver and copper forms an alloy called sterling silver, which is commonly used in jewelry and silverware. Sterling silver is stronger than pure silver, as silver itself is a relatively soft metal.

Option E (lead) is incorrect, as a mixture of copper and lead forms an alloy called bearing metal, which is used for making bearings that support heavy loads and high-speed rotations.

Alloys play an essential role in many applications due to their enhanced properties, which are tailored to meet specific requirements in various industries, such as construction, electrical components, automotive, and aerospace.

Correct Answer: A) Ethyne

Explanation

Ethyne, also known as acetylene, is the correct answer because it undergoes addition reactions due to the presence of a triple bond between the two carbon atoms. The triple bond in ethyne consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds. In addition reactions, the pi bonds break and new atoms or groups of atoms are added to the carbon atoms, resulting in a more saturated compound.

On the other hand, butane and pentane are alkanes, which have only single bonds between the carbon atoms. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, and they do not readily undergo addition reactions. Instead, they typically undergo substitution reactions.

Ethanol is an alcohol, meaning that it has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom. Alcohols mainly undergo substitution and elimination reactions, but not addition reactions.

Tetrachloromethane, also known as carbon tetrachloride, is a compound with four chlorine atoms bonded to a central carbon atom. This compound is already saturated and does not undergo addition reactions.

In summary, ethyne is the only compound among the given options that undergoes addition reactions due to the presence of the triple bond.

Correct Answer: D) chromatography

Explanation

A brand of ink containing cobalt (II) and copper (II) ions can be separated into its various components usingchromatography, which is the correct option in this question.

Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures based on the differences in the movement of their components through a stationary phase. In the case of ink, the components are often dyes or pigments, which can be separated using paper or thin-layer chromatography.

Let's briefly discuss why the other options are not suitable for separating the components of the ink:

Fractional crystallization: This technique is used to separate components of a mixture based on their solubility. It involves dissolving the mixture in a solvent and then cooling it to form crystals of different components. However, this method is not suitable for separating components of the ink, as both cobalt (II) and copper (II) ions are likely to have similar solubilities in a solvent.

Fractional distillation: This method is used to separate components of a mixture based on their boiling points. It is commonly used for separating components of liquid mixtures, like petroleum. Since ink is a mixture of solid components in a liquid medium, fractional distillation is not an appropriate method for separating its components.

Sublimation: Sublimation is a process in which a solid directly transforms into a gas without going through the liquid phase. This method is used to separate components of a mixture that have different sublimation temperatures. However, sublimation is not suitable for separating ink components, as both cobalt (II) and copper (II) ions do not undergo sublimation.

In conclusion,chromatography is the most appropriate technique for separating the components of an ink containing cobalt (II) and copper (II) ions, as it relies on the differences in their movement through a stationary phase, allowing the separation of the components based on their interactions with the stationary phase and mobile phase.